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My Dream Computer Mouse

I use the mouse a lot when I'm on a PC. And I have very specific expectations to a good mouse that I haven't seen met in any product. I know that my expectations must be high, considering that others don't seem to have them. But I also think that the differences between a 20 Euro mouse and a 150 Euro mouse are very small. I believe that others would like a mouse with the features that I desire in a good computer mouse. They may not realise it because it doesn't exist. But I would be surprised if I woudl be alone with these preferences. I'd like to describe those features here for that reason, but also with a little bit of hope that somebody might have a tip for me for a product to try out.

Form Factor

Most ergonomic mice are restricting because they prevent switching the position of the hand from time to time. Therefore I'd profer a simple shape with no unnecessary folds and pertrusions. There are some not so default mouse designs though that I don't mind, like those that hold the hand in a 90 degree rotated position, as if you're going to shake somebody's hand. That form factor likely prevents issues with your wrist. I'm not considering non-mouse pointing devices, like joysticks or trackballs. Althought I like the idea of a pointing device that only sends out positional information relative to a screen's center and physically snap back to their center position when untouched. I'd try one of those if it would be supported by an OS that I'm using.

Buttons

I don't really need more than three button. with less than three, I definitely miss the missing ones. But I never got used to additional buttons enough that I'd use them regularly. The same goes for additional wheels. Three keys and one wheel are enough to to many things on its own. For more there are enough additional keys on the keyboard to press and hold down. So I'd prefer there to not be any additional buttons that could be pressed accidently and cause unexpected/unintended behaviour. The three usual buttons should be hard to press compared to most mice. I would like to have to use some force so that it is impossible for me to ever accidently press one by sliding across the surface with a finger, by slipping off the scroll wheel or from random finger spasms. I don't need to be able to click repeadedly very quickly. I don't want the buttons to bounce back to support additional clicks. I want an anti-gamer mouse in this regard. Touch fields that aren't disabled by default also are unacceptable to me. I don't think I'd mind a bit of travel as long as there is a clear clicking point.

Caseing, Size and Weight

I wouldn't mind a rugged case that doesn't mind being handled roughly. Or a sealed one that doesn't mind being under water and can be cleaned easily. A metal case isn't so nice because it can feel uncomfortably cold. But metal parts would be good because they add weight. I haven't had a mouse yet that's as heavy as I would deem ideal, even after adding steel weights. But most mice can be brought to a comfortable weight by filling most of their free space inside with steel parts. The other things where I'd like my ideal mouse to go above what's considered reasonable is its size. I don't want my hand to hover over the mouse like a spide with long legs. I want my hand to completely lay on the mouse. The wrist on its back, leaving the forearm lifted from the table; the fingers resting on their respective buttons without bending up much. My hands are surely larger than average (although I've seen people with much larger hands.) So a mouse for me should also be that large. Some ergonomic office mice come close to such a comfortanle hand position. But they seem to be made for average-sized hands. I haven't seen a really large mouse like that yet. Maybe what I feel that I want would look rediculous. Maybe it would be so. But so did 5 inch phones when they first came out. And I argue they also fill hands more comfortably.

Scroll Wheel

I have very specific ideas of how the scroll wheel of the perfect computer mouse should be. There should be exactly one. I should be between the left and the right button (because that's what I'm used to and it works very well that way, not because I believe there have been enough expreriments for the perfect position), pertrude above the left and the right button about 3 or 4 millimeters and be about two cenrtimeters in diameter (or a bit smaller). It should serve as the middle/third mouse button. (That one isn't necessary, but very useful sometimes.) So far so usual. It should not be tiltable to use it for additional buttons/functions unless this feature is deactivated by default. The wheel should have haptically clear steps or clicks that reliably corrospond to scroll steps. It should never come to rest between two steps. Some force should be necessary to turn the wheel so what brushing it on one side accidentally (as an example) won't turn it a click in either direction. The surface of the wheel should have a rough and deep rubber profile. Only very few gamer mice ever had scroll wheels with a profile as rough as I want one. And of those most have been changed for mass profuction. And of the one remaining mouse with a scroll wheel nearly as rough as I would deem minimal, only the first shipment had it. Even in mice with changable wheels or surfaces I've never seen one with a grip nearly good enough to call it acceptable. Basically, what I want it a scroll wheel that never turns unintentionally, always turns 100% reliably when turned intentionally, even with greacy as fuck fingers because I'm eating chicken wings in between very important scrolling action and I don't have time to wipe my fingers. There should be little rubber spikes or canyons that aren't reduced to a millimeter after a few years of scrolling (or the wheel needs to be replacable).

Battery, Wireless, Cable

Of course a wireless mouse is nicer than a wired one. Battery powered devices should have standardised replacable batteries. But I see the problems with that in mice. Nowadays I would actually be OK with a non-replacable battery in a mouse (I am already). But I'd also like one that takes Canon LP-E6 batteries or similar small camera batteries. If it is a wireless mouse it should use little currents to make it work. With a battery with 1.5 Ah or more charging shouldn't be necessary more than once a year. But a wired mouse is OK, too, if it has a good silicone cable.

I may be like Homer Simpsen when he designed his dream car here. But I expect that I will only be convinced of that by giving me my supposed dream mouse to use.

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My Dream Computer Mouse

I use the mouse a lot when I'm on a PC. And I have very specific expectations to a good mouse that I haven't seen met in any product. I know that my expectations must be high, considering that others don't seem to have them. But I also think that the differences between a 20 Euro mouse and a 150 Euro mouse are very small. I believe that others would like a mouse with the features that I desire in a good computer mouse. They may not realise it because it doesn't exist. But I would be surprised if I woudl be alone with these preferences. I'd like to describe those features here for that reason, but also with a little bit of hope that somebody might have a tip for me for a product to try out.

Form Factor

Most ergonomic mice are restricting because they prevent switching the position of the hand from time to time. Therefore I'd profer a simple shape with no unnecessary folds and pertrusions. There are some not so default mouse designs though that I don't mind, like those that hold the hand in a 90 degree rotated position, as if you're going to shake somebody's hand. That form factor likely prevents issues with your wrist. I'm not considering non-mouse pointing devices, like joysticks or trackballs. Althought I like the idea of a pointing device that only sends out positional information relative to a screen's center and physically snap back to their center position when untouched. I'd try one of those if it would be supported by an OS that I'm using.

Buttons

I don't really need more than three button. with less than three, I definitely miss the missing ones. But I never got used to additional buttons enough that I'd use them regularly. The same goes for additional wheels. Three keys and one wheel are enough to to many things on its own. For more there are enough additional keys on the keyboard to press and hold down. So I'd prefer there to not be any additional buttons that could be pressed accidently and cause unexpected/unintended behaviour. The three usual buttons should be hard to press compared to most mice. I would like to have to use some force so that it is impossible for me to ever accidently press one by sliding across the surface with a finger, by slipping off the scroll wheel or from random finger spasms. I don't need to be able to click repeadedly very quickly. I don't want the buttons to bounce back to support additional clicks. I want an anti-gamer mouse in this regard. Touch fields that aren't disabled by default also are unacceptable to me. I don't think I'd mind a bit of travel as long as there is a clear clicking point.

Caseing, Size and Weight

I wouldn't mind a rugged case that doesn't mind being handled roughly. Or a sealed one that doesn't mind being under water and can be cleaned easily. A metal case isn't so nice because it can feel uncomfortably cold. But metal parts would be good because they add weight. I haven't had a mouse yet that's as heavy as I would deem ideal, even after adding steel weights. But most mice can be brought to a comfortable weight by filling most of their free space inside with steel parts. The other things where I'd like my ideal mouse to go above what's considered reasonable is its size. I don't want my hand to hover over the mouse like a spide with long legs. I want my hand to completely lay on the mouse. The wrist on its back, leaving the forearm lifted from the table; the fingers resting on their respective buttons without bending up much. My hands are surely larger than average (although I've seen people with much larger hands.) So a mouse for me should also be that large. Some ergonomic office mice come close to such a comfortanle hand position. But they seem to be made for average-sized hands. I haven't seen a really large mouse like that yet. Maybe what I feel that I want would look rediculous. Maybe it would be so. But so did 5 inch phones when they first came out. And I argue they also fill hands more comfortably.

Scroll Wheel

I have very specific ideas of how the scroll wheel of the perfect computer mouse should be. There should be exactly one. I should be between the left and the right button (because that's what I'm used to and it works very well that way, not because I believe there have been enough expreriments for the perfect position), pertrude above the left and the right button about 3 or 4 millimeters and be about two cenrtimeters in diameter (or a bit smaller). It should serve as the middle/third mouse button. (That one isn't necessary, but very useful sometimes.) So far so usual. It should not be tiltable to use it for additional buttons/functions unless this feature is deactivated by default. The wheel should have haptically clear steps or clicks that reliably corrospond to scroll steps. It should never come to rest between two steps. Some force should be necessary to turn the wheel so what brushing it on one side accidentally (as an example) won't turn it a click in either direction. The surface of the wheel should have a rough and deep rubber profile. Only very few gamer mice ever had scroll wheels with a profile as rough as I want one. And of those most have been changed for mass profuction. And of the one remaining mouse with a scroll wheel nearly as rough as I would deem minimal, only the first shipment had it. Even in mice with changable wheels or surfaces I've never seen one with a grip nearly good enough to call it acceptable. Basically, what I want it a scroll wheel that never turns unintentionally, always turns 100% reliably when turned intentionally, even with greacy as fuck fingers because I'm eating chicken wings in between very important scrolling action and I don't have time to wipe my fingers. There should be little rubber spikes or canyons that aren't reduced to a millimeter after a few years of scrolling (or the wheel needs to be replacable).

Battery, Wireless, Cable

Of course a wireless mouse is nicer than a wired one. Battery powered devices should have standardised replacable batteries. But I see the problems with that in mice. Nowadays I would actually be OK with a non-replacable battery in a mouse (I am already). But I'd also like one that takes Canon LP-E6 batteries or similar small camera batteries. If it is a wireless mouse it should use little currents to make it work. With a battery with 1.5 Ah or more charging shouldn't be necessary more than once a year. But a wired mouse is OK, too, if it has a good silicone cable.

I may be like Homer Simpsen when he designed his dream car. But I expect that I will only be convinced of that by giving me my supposed dream mouse to use.

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Alternative Operating System: Sortix
This entry is referencing the entry 'Alternative Operating Systems'.

sortix

Sortiix is one of the more mature hobby OSs. In fact, the first time I booted it I checked that it really isn't "just" a Linux distribution that's trying to hide that fact on the surface. And it isn't. Sortix is a Unix-like, POSIX compliant OS with it's own kernel, system tools and libraries. It contains packages that have been ported from Debian. But all the most interesting core compeonents are implemented anew.<

Sortix has made steady progress over like 15 years. That's probably the biggest difference between it and similar hobby OSs. Version 1.0 was released in 22016. Even in that form it is really usable. It boots without any issues on real hardware. It's stable, comes with all the core unix tools you'd exopect, but it didn't have a GUI and network support, yet. It switched to nighly releases after that. Since then, features have been added to the point that not many things separate it from being as useful for daily usage as HaikuOS.

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Alternative Operating System: MikeOS
This entry is referencing the entry 'Alternative Operating Systems'.

MikeOS

A very limited and simple operating system written in assembler for 286 computers (and newer compatible architechtures, obviously). Pretty much what I would imagine as a successful outcome if I would write one to see that I can do it. It works, there's a text editor, a game, you can list, edit and execute files. Not much more though at first glance. I didn't look into writing additional software for it myself, yet. There are many forks of MikeOS. Most of them named after the forker and not under active development. It's a project I'd look into if I'd want to learn x86 assembler. Simple, not looking like any other OS I've seen.

MikeOS is neither UNIX-like in any way nor is it similar to CP/M or DOS. It is closer to being a BASIC interpreter with a program menu. But there is a bit more to it. Everything is in the same text mode in VGA resolution. After booting, you get a box with list of menu items in pointing to submenus or executable programs. Among those programs are a BASIC interpreter, some simple games, a text editor and a file browser. That's about the gist of what you get. It's all very simple and fast. Enough to write your own applications or scripts. And it all fits on a single 3.5" HD floppy. There are third-party applications to be found on the internet. But almost all that I stumbled upon were part of MikeOS forks.

Next to the menu there is also a command line with a very small list of commands. To be honest, from a user point of view, I don't know what to do with it.

There are quite a few forks. It seems to be a great hobby project. And because it's all relatively simple it's a project you can actually finish after a while, not like writing your own UNIX clone with system tools, glibc port and modern GUI. MikeOS forks usually come with some additional apps and scripts and some changes in UI. Some add to the few system calls, add their own menu. Some even started to add network support. One MikeOS fork I have to mention is MichalOS because it overhauled the UI to make it more pleasing and added quite a few simple apps and games that all seem to be very stable. It has an image viewer and a music program. TomOS is a fork that adds support for directories. ShoockOS seems to be about simplifying things even more.

On the MikeOS web site there are handbooks, resources for development and links to software projects for MiikeOS. MikeOS is a great help if you want to learn x86 assembly in a practical way without starting from zero. But it is also useful as an OS for embedded applications or simple hobby projects (interacting with Arduino, other serial communication tasks, …). And it could also be considered useful for everyday tasks if you found a home computer from the mid 80s useful.

tba: creenshots

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crAzy!modz

In den 2000er-Jahren habe ich gerne Webseiten für Projekte gebaut, die ich vor hatte, mit anderen oder alleine, zu in einen Zustand zu bringen, in dem sie Content für eine Webseite abwerfen würden. Begonnene und nie auf einen vorzeigbaren Stand fortgeführte Projekte waren schon damals ein Ding in meinem Leben. So haben die meisten Webseiten, die ich zu der Zeit gebaut habe, nie ihren Weg auf einen öffentlich zugänglichen Webserver gebracht. Daher habe ich einige offensichtlich sehr unfertige Webseiten, die zu erwähnen ich keinen Sinn sehe. Kürzlich bin ich über ein Backup unter anderem davon gestoßen. Eine Seite war aber darunter, über die ich gerne ein paar Sätze verlieren würde.

crAzy!modz war der Name, den wir für die Webseite gewählt haben, auf der wir unsere Case-Modding-Resultate sowie Tipps für einzelne Mods präsentieren wollten. "Wir" meint dabei drei junge Menschen aus Bad Dürkheim, die nichts als ihr interesse für Case Modding verbandt.

Unter denen meiner Webseiten aus dieser Zeit, die nie einen Zustand errecht haben, in dem ich sie veröffentlichen wollte, ist c!m wahrscheinlich die am weitesten fortgeschrittene. Als ich sie neulich wiederfand dachte ich sogar daran, den bisher darin enthaltenen Content ein klein wenig aufzubereiten und alle Platzhalter und Links auf noch nicht gefüllte Seiten zu entfernen. Danach wäre die Seite tatsächlich vorzeigbar, auch wenn sie nicht das kollaborative Projekt darstellen würde, das ich hoffte, dass aus ihr werden würde. Aber der Nutzen ihres Inhalts wäre nicht groß genug um mich dazu zu bewegen, die Peinlichkeit einzugehen, meine Texte von damals zu veröffentlichen. Da müsste ich schon noch weitere Modding-Tipps und How-Tos ergänzen. Und diese Inhalte würde ich heute eher hier veröffentlichen. Ich werde einfach diesem Eintrag hier einen Screenshot oder drei Anhängen und die Sache dann weitestgehend wieder vergessen. Die Bedeutung des Wortes "Nutte" werde ich einfsch mal nicht erklären.

Das A in crAzy!modz ist großgeschrieben, weil ich ursprünglich die kleine Variante des Logos (auch für's Favicon) ein großes A in einem Kreis machen wollte. Die beiden anderen Beteiligten waren aber nicht so freundlich mit den Ideen des Anarchismus, weshalb diese Variante des Logos nicht in der Webseite enthalten ist.

Die Seite enthielt ein Showcase von Casemods des Teams (Beispiel im Anhang), Ideen für kleine Mods (runde IDE-Kabel, individuelle Lüftergitter, in Software schaltbare Beleuchtung), Links zu anderen Modding-Seiten und hätte noch viel Platz für aufwendigere Mods und detailliertere HowTos gehabt. Meine Wahrnehmung war, dass ich gerne weiter an dem Projekt gearbeitet hätte, wenn positives Feedback mir den nötigen Ansporn dazu gegeben hätte. Damals wusste ich noch nicht, dass alle meine Projekte so verlaufen würden.

Die Seite dürfte eine der letzten gewesen sein, die ich in Hand und mit Frames geschrieben habe. Ich mag den Stil noch genau so sehr wie damals. Grün auf Dunkelgrau, Links, deren Hintergrundfarbe sich beim Hovern ändert: Sehr cool.

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F(x)tex Pro¹ X

So, I've hand this device with the weirdly complicated name spelling for a while now. But I haven't used it as my main phone since recently because I first wanted to flash a different OS onto it. I didn't have the capacity/time to take care of that among other reasons because it's something that I've rarely done, and never before successfully. After several failed attempts to get /e/OS to run on it, I've now settled fore LineageOS. Since I want to use it as my main phone from now on I don't think I'll experiment with any other systems on it for now, even though it would be the perfect phone to get some experience with Ubuntu Touch, Sailfish or some other Linux Distro.

Battery

The last time I've written about this device it looked like the battery was affected too much by having been empty for years, notz even allowing the phone to charge its own battery. Android suddenly shut down seemingly randomly and had 3 to 20 % battery when turning it back on minutes later evewn though it displayed 30 to 50 % when it turned off. Sometimes it displayed a higher battery charge after turning back on than when it turned itself off. Sometimes it would last less than five hours usage before it went down. This became better over time. It seems that Android became better at guessing the current battery charge. Now on LineageOS the battery doesn't last a whole day when it's used a lot, but so far it didn't do any surprise jumps or shutdowns. Technically, it lasts a bit over 24 hours with moderate usage. But that is with the last couple of hours under a warning LED (if I hadn't turned that off). According to the LineageOS settings, the battery is healthy and has 100% of its original capacity of 3313 mAh. That would be 113 mAh more than advertised. Maybe I'm just too spoiled by my previous 4000+ mAh devices with smaller and low-rews displays. I didn't do any independent measurement yet. (Edit: More on that in the last part of this entry.)

Keyboard

Probably the most important thing of this phone is the keyboard that makes it unique on today's marked. It is very similar to those of the later Nokia smartphones that still had keyboards. I sort of see it as an N900 with more room for a larger keyboard. It is crammed, but none of the keys are too hard too reach. Not even the number row, that has smaller keys very close to the screen. And every key on this board has a good reason to be there. As somebody coming from a Unihertz Titan Pocket with a Blackberry-style keyboard with a very reduced layout, I'm glad not only punctuatioin and number keys but also for proper arrow keys and four modifier keys of which the ones that are used as lot appear twice. I chose a German keyboard layourt because I'm used to it and can find every symbol I need on it, and it's useful to have the extra letters when I write in German. The Android it came with had only one German QUERTZ layout to select and it didn't match the labeling exactly. Some special characters were switched or missing, and it couldn't produce an apostrophe (') by any means. With LineageOS there is a 'F(x)tec QUERTZ' and that works perfectly now. After the first getting used to they keyboard is a delight to type on compared to any other phone I held in my hands in the last 5 years. I think I still like the Nokia N9300 and N9500 keyboard better. But the more layout closer to PCs does make more sense with a phone where apps aren't developed for that keyboard specifically. And I am enjoying the extra keys, especially on the command line. The backlight also works as one would expect, which is not a given in keyboard smartphones.

Camera

Let's not get into it too much. The camera isn't good. 48 MP doesn't mean anything when every picture that it produces is automatically heavily mushed by noise reductin. It's better than my last phone camera. It's able to produce photos with room light that aren't blurred to the point where you can't read anything. That's enough for me right now. It does have the bug where the camera app gets rotated when you open the phone (which forces all apps into landscape mode), but the image isn't rotated, but its dimensions are. The viewfinder isn't really usable with the keyboard open. But it's not as bad as it is with the Planet Computer phones/PDAs.

Display

Once a smartphone display has reached a certain quality, I don't have much to say about it. And that quality point has been matched even in cheap phones for years. It's bright enough, resolution is high enough, I don't know or care about the maximum frame rate, colours seem fine, viewing angle isn't an issue (very good actually), touch resolution is fine enough that it isn't a problem. It does have black spots in some corners. Apparently that is something that can happen when you bend a panel that maybe isn't advanced enough to be bent that much. The rounded edges are nice though and I don't mind the black spots as long as they aren't growing. I've never accidentally activaterd the touch screen while typing.

Fingerprint Sensor

It's located below the power button on the right. I haven't found a comfortable way of using it to unlock the phone, yet. Maybe I won't use it. It's irritating how often it thinks it's been used when I handle the phone and vibrated he phone. Sometimes it's locked for too many failed attempts once I actually want to use it.

Exterior

As for ports, there are two: USB-C and a headset jack. No more or less than necessary. There's one fingerprint sensor. There are four buttons: Power, volume up, volume down and camera. And then there's a SIM and SD card tray.

Sound

It has stereo speakers, which are actually placed on opposite sides, facing left and right when in landscape mode. They are loud enough and sound like phone speakers sound nowadays: clear, without any surprises and enough bass to not miss it during any sort of speech recording. The position of the speakers could be worse. They arent covered when the phone rests on somthing and they can't be accidentally covered both at the same time. But they aren't facing you directly and can't possibly both face you at the same time. So the sound will always be roomy if both speakers are on. Their distance also creates a problem that I've rarely heard in a phone: If both ar producing the same or almost the same sound waves, parts of them will cancel each other out before the reach your ears, especially if the phone isn't exactly in the middle between your ears and exactly horizontal and straight. At 50 cm distance, if you want to watch a video with sound, in order to understand ecerything, you have to turn up the volume so much that others in the room are wondering why you're watching at that volume. At least I have to and I would wonder. My solution is to turn one of the speakers off almost completely. One is still loud enough usually. In Google's Android the audio settings are hidden in advanced accessibility settings. On LineageOS audio adjustments are directly on the accessibility settings screen. Set to mono you'll still hear everything. The setting does not influence bluetooth earphones.

Practical Usage

Whether the screen is activated by opening the keyboard or by pressing the power button, it takes a second until the screen comes on. That's annoying, but I'm going to get used to it. It's the case with both stock Android and LineageOS.

For daily usage so far it has been great, except for the battery life. Once I've stopped downloading and installing lots of stuff every day and trying things out it has become better. Also I think the battery charge indication has been caribrated. Because it doens't turn off with two digits of battery charge left. I'be decided to go with the battery enabled all the time. This way it lasts well over one day, even when I use it a bit more than usual. According to both the phones own and my measurement the capacity is almost exactly as advertised. (4 to 13 mAh more. I didn't factor in the voltage.) But the fact that it's runtime is at least a third shorter than that of by previous phone (with a smaller battery) makes me think it that the screen and other parts are probably not as energy efficient. I glady charge it more often for the experience with the better keyboard.

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Beautiful Heatsinks

(I can't find many free photos of what I want to show here. Maybe I could buy some.) See the links behind the model names for nice pictures.

Heatsinks are a mostly practical thing. They usually aren't seen, so visual design is not very important. Exceptions are where part of a device's case is acting as a heatsink and devices assembled by enthusiasts who care how their internals look (including devices that show off their components, like open PC builds and PCs with windows in their case). This post in about the latter: heatsinks for PC components for people who care how their coolers look like.

To be frank, this entry is specifically abnout Zalman heatsinks. I don't know much about the company. Apparently they are Korean with a name that sounds so un-asian that I doubt that the beginnings really were in Korea. But I know that they made several CPU coolers that I like visually. A heatsink needs to fulfil the task of transporting heat from a small surface to a larger surface where other mechanisms then may exchange heated melecules with molecules from even farther evay. Heatsinks can store more heat energy if they have a larger mass. They transport the heat quicker if they are made of materials that are good at that sort of thing, like copper. And they are better at exchanging heat with their envirement if their surface area is larger. If a chip needs to be cooled better, what's mostly done is put a larger heatsink onto it (can take in more energy) or blow more air through it (larger/faster fans). It's relatively cheap to just increase the amount of aluminium and/or plastic and call it a cooler. But making the heatsink larger mainly increases the capacity for how much heat energy it can take in from the die quickly, which is good for eneryg bursts, but not for constant heat absorbtion. And blowing more air through it makes the cooler louder. Zalman took a different applroach around 2000 and was very successful with it in the early 2000s, as it appears to me. They used mainly copper for their heatsinks (even just a copper core used to be a sign for a higher value PC heatsinks before) and they drastically increased the surface area. I don't knwo who invented the style or manufacturing principle of copper sheets intertwined with a copper base to form a fan-like (as in paper fan) structure. But Zalman did this with the most sense for beauty and with a target market of enthusiast PC builders. I couldn't afford any of their products at the time. But I was a fan from the moment I saw a Zalman Flower for the first time.

Under the name flower they released a number of very different, round CPU coolers as well as at least one chipset cooler. The name started in the 90s, where it was used for a ciurcular aluminium CPU cooler for socket 370 (Pentium III, Celeron). I like those, too. But they are impossible to find and I'm not aware of anybody making anything similar with that much metal around the fan. In my perception the copper goodness started with the CNPS 3000 series, a passive CPU cooler. Right there we have a unique design that hasn't been matched by any other manufacturer. If I would find one of these and I could buy it for < 30 €, I would get it for a future retro build. It got a makeover with the CNPS 6000 series later for socket A.

The CNPS 5000 is hardly worth mentioning. It follows the design of the Intel Standard LGA 775 coolers, but without the goal of being cheap. The CNPS 7000 series has a layout simialr to the original Flower, round with fins surrounding the fan blades from all sides except the top. Not a new design, but again, now it was available in beautiful and with a lot of copper (optionally, as it usually was from the CNMPS 5000 onwards) fins.

The CNPS 8000 has less roundness and more boringness and shall be skipped here. Now we're already in a time were CPU cooler mounts were designed similar to the way they are today and so some of these coolers are still usable with modern CPUs without making a custom bracket, for some you would need to make your own or adapt a bracket. But it's a realistic undertaking. In the CNPS 9000 series there are two beautiful models. The CNPS 9500 and the CNPS 9900.

Another unique design (as far as I've seen) is the fanless external water cooler Reserator 1, of which several version exits but all are called Reserator 1. CPU coolers aside, most of Zalman's coolers are designed for PC GPUs, understandably. There is one design that I'd like to point out here. And that's the ZM-80. Here are reviews of the ZM-80C and the ZM-80D. I bought an early version of the ZM-80 (without a fan) because it was the best way to passively cool my GPU back then. I'm not a gamer. But I still believed that I could use a powerful graphics card. And those had started to require active cooling. The two giant and massive metal plates of the ZM-80, connected with a heat pipe, made the graphics card an uncommonly large part. It was the first time that I've seen an extension card block its neighbor slot. There are similar coolers. Thermaltake < a href="https://www.techpowerup.com/review/thermaltake-schooner/">took this design to the extreme (although nowadays there are larger GPU heatsinks).

The more time advances, the more boring Zalman's product range becomes.

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A Really Good Laptop
This entry is referencing the entry 'A Really Very Good Laptop'.

What makes a good laptop? Unknowingly I've been asking myself that question for years. I wasn't looking for a definitive answer; I wasn't making notes; But I was trying out different laptops in the hopes to find the one that is right for me. The bost one. I think I've found an answer. And a surprisingly specific one.

Of course a good battery, a good screen, good speakers, and almost every detail about a laptop can be considered important in some situation or another. But when it comes down to it, what I've made out to be most important to me is: A good keyboard (whatever that means), reliability, endurance (also when in a dirty or dusty envirement) and repairability. Although I'm not sure whether the last one should be on that list. When a laptop of mine becomes unusable because something breaks, I tend to replace it because I want to try somethin new, anyway. I've tried an ultrabook for a while. It's fancy, but not important to me. I've tried a powerful one in the style of a Macbook Pro and didn't like that any more than the original. I had a fable for small netbooks for a while, subnotebooks and mini notebooks as well as some modern PDAs, and still think they're all great for certain use cases. But that's not what I want as an everyday laptop. I didn't seriously try gaming notebooks or those cheap, sleek discounter laptops (because why would I?) or a workstation laptop. I don't need that power on the go. When I need that power, I use a stationary machine. After a while, I stopped looking at new laptops or ones that were released in the last 10 years when I had the intention to buy one.

15 Years Or Older

One reason why I focus on older laptops is the keyboard. No new laptop has a keyboard with a good typing experience, keys with 1.5 mm of travel space or more. Newer laptops seem to be designed to be as thin as possible above all. That is a feature with almost no use. But what I consider a good keyboard is sacrificed to design guidelines. There are good business laptops from the 2010s with a Core2 Duo CPU or newer, with 4 or 8 GB of RAM, that are still fast enough for most everyday tasks. That's what I'm using right now and what I've used for a while. The displays are at best what I consider the minimum that allows me to use it for hours from different angles without getting annoyed. But that's good enough. No 4k screen. No reason to play h365 4k video files. So I don't usually notice that that's something that isn't possible with a Core2 Duo and old intel graphics chip anyway. Speakers also tend to be worse in older laptops. But even with modern ones with good speakers, if I want to enjoy the sound or want good bass or mix the profile myself or need volume, I rely on external speakers or headphones anyway. So there's not much of a difference. Batteries don't last as long on older laptops. But they are replacable in seconds and cheap to buy. So that's a plus for older laptops in my view. 15 to 18 year old laptops are thick and heavy compared to what's become normal. But not so much that it would be a problem to cary them all day, fit them in a bag or handle them with two hands and no table.

ThinkPad Legend

So, after hearing so many good things from so many people and having experienced something from every category I've decided to try ThinkPads for myself. Two T400s with different configuration, a T420, then an X201 that I got for free from a nice person who wanted to throw it away simply because of its age. I must admit I got hooked on the ThinkPad fan train for a bit. Those are very very good machines after all. I enjoy the price (used ThinkPads are everywhere and everybody wants to sell loads of them), the build quality, design and that's it. T4xx are good business laptops among quality good business laptops from other manufacturers. There are many, many small things that make uo the ThinkPad experience of the 2010s and earlier. I appreciate the status lights, middle mouse key, track point, separate function and multimedia keys, sleek docking station and easy to open screen cover lock. But they haven't become too important to my daily life. Those details were even more plenty in even older ThinkPads (and comparible laptops, I want to say. But there weren't really many comparible machines.). IBM ThinkPads were also definitely among those with really good keyboards. I like the clickery keys in old laptops better than more modern ones. But I don't consider laptops with CPUs older than Core2 Duos as viable options for everyday machines anymore. Everyday tasks for me include playing videos embedded in web pages and editing raster images as well as vector graphics. Core2 Duos with 4 GB or more RAM work fine. Everything older than that is for retro computing tinkering tasks.

Business Machines With Good Reputation

There are other laptops from the same time to be considered. Those in the business line of HP and Dell. In my experience and personal opinion, HP EliteBooks (as well as some HP Compaq laptops) provide a superior keyboard to those of T400s, but lack some other desireable features that you can trust to find in any old ThinkPad. And Dell Latitudes tend to be reliable and withstand my lifestyle better than ThinkPads from the same period but the keyboard experience varies. Dells come in rugged variants, but more important is that they, according to my experience, handle dust and other dirt better than their competitors. EliteBook keyboards make better use of the available surface area that a 14 or 15 inch screen gives the lower half of the device. The keys are spread out more, arrow keys aren't burried in the rest, insert, home, end and paging keys get their own row to the right. A unique layout, but not stranger than that of other laptop keyboards. A new Latitude keyboard feels much nicer than an EliteBook or ThinkPad keyboard. The keys are springy. When abused for years, they become as good as their competitors, then whimpy and stale. ThinkPad and keys stop working when they meet dust and keys break when cuttings or hard dirt gets under the caps. EliteBook keys just watch and wait to be cleaned. Either are good devices. But considering that both Latitudes and EliteBooks cost 50~70% more than comparible Thinkpads, it's easy to let the choice fall back to the brand with the best reputation: ThinkPad. Surprisingly (to me) that is, in the end, ThinkPads biggest advantage.

To be continued in another entry…

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